2016.12.01
Heterogeneity of cerebral TDP-43 pathology in sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: Evidence for clinico-pathologic subtypes.
（Acta Neuropathol Commun. 2016 Jun 23;4(1):61. doi: 10.1186/s40478-016-0335-2.）
Takeuchi R1,2,*, Tada M1,*, Shiga A3,*, Toyoshima Y1, Konno T2, Sato T1,2, Nozaki H2, Kato T3, Horie M4, Shimizu H1, Takebayashi H4, Onodera O2, Nishizawa M2, Kakita A1, Takahashi H1.
*These authors contributed equally to this work.
1Department of Pathology, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University
2Department of Neurology, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University
3Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University,
4Division of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Graduate School of Medicine and Dental Sciences, Niigata University
Abstract
Frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) are types of major TDP-43 (43-kDa TAR DNA-binding protein) proteinopathy. Cortical TDP-43 pathology has been analyzed in detail in cases of FTLD-TDP, but is still unclear in cases of ALS. We attempted to clarify the cortical and subcortical TDP-43 pathology in Japanese cases of sporadic ALS (n = 96) using an antibody specific to phosphorylated TDP-43 (pTDP-43). The cases were divided into two groups: those without pTDP-43-positive neuronal cytoplasmic inclusions in the hippocampal dentate granule cells (Type 1, n = 63), and those with such inclusions (Type 2, n = 33). Furthermore, the Type 2 cases were divided into two subgroups based on semi-quantitative estimation of pTDP-43-positive dystrophic neurites (DNs) in the temporal neocortex: Type 2a (accompanied by no or few DNs, n = 22) and Type 2b (accompanied by abundant DNs, n = 11). Clinico-pathologic analysis revealed that cognitive impairment was a feature in patients with Type 2a and Type 2b, but not in those with Type 1, and that importantly, Type 2b is a distinct subtype characterized by a poor prognosis despite the less severe loss of lower motor neurons, the unusual subcortical dendrospinal pTDP-43 pathology, and more prominent glial involvement in cortical pTDP-43 pathology than other two groups. Considering the patient survival time and severity of motor neuron loss in each group, transition from Type 1 to Type 2, or from Type 2a to Type 2b during the disease course appeared unlikely. Therefore, each of these three groups was regarded as an independent subtype.
